Author:
Ing. Jan Ondra

Production of graphite gaskets

PRODUCTION OF TISSUE

Production of graphite gaskets

One of the many materials we use to manufacture gaskets is expanded graphite. Thanks to our CNC manufacturing technology, we can produce any shape die or flat gasket from this material, both in piece quantities and in large batches, accurately and efficiently.

Expanded graphite is a specialised material which, thanks to its exceptional combination of properties, is used in many applications, particularly for the manufacture of seals.

Expanded graphite and its main properties

  • Long-term temperature resistance -200°C to +550°C

  • Maximum operating pressure 200 bar

  • Excellent chemical resistance and stability
  • Low permeability – gas permeability

More about graphite, its sealing options and applications can be found below.

PRODUCTION OF GRAPHITE GASKETS

Expanded graphite

Graphite is available in several material variants, however, the most commonly used type is exposed graphite reinforced with a stainless steel liner, which improves the durability and surface load of the material and, especially for small thicknesses, reduces material brittleness and improves material handling.

Basic material properties for the production of gaskets
IngredientsExpanded natural graphite (graphite content >99%) AISI 316 stainless steel liner, thickness. 0.1 mm

ColourBlack
Certifications and attestationsBAM (oxygen) | DNV GL | DVGW DIN 30653 (5 bar) |
DVGW DIN 3536-6 | FIRE SAFE API607
Standard plate size1000 x 1000 mm | 1500 x 1500 mm
Available thicknesses1.0 mm | 1.5 mm | 2.0 mm | 3.0 mm
Minimum long-term temperature200 °C / -238 °F
Maximum long-term temperature550 °C / 1022 °F
Maximum operating pressure200 bar

Operating pressure vs. operating temperature

GRAPHITE GASKET MANUFACTURING – APPLICATIONS
Graphite gaskets and their use in industry

Graphite seals are key components in industrial applications where high demands are made on tightness, heat resistance and chemical stability. Due to its unique properties, which include high heat resistance, chemical resistance and the ability to conform to irregular surfaces, graphite gaskets are widely used in a variety of industries.

Graphite gasket properties

Graphite gaskets are made from expanded graphite, a material with exceptional physical and chemical properties:

  1. Heat resistance – Graphite seals are capable of withstanding temperatures up to 3000°C in inert environments and approximately 550°C in oxidizing environments.
  2. Chemical stability – Resists a wide range of aggressive chemicals, acids, bases and organic solvents.
  3. Excellent sealing capability – Thanks to its flexibility and ability to adapt to irregular surfaces, it can form a seal even in challenging conditions with varying pressures.
  4. Low permeability – Graphite is almost impermeable to gases and liquids, ensuring an effective seal even in extreme pressure environments.
Main areas of application of graphite gaskets
  • Power Engineering Graphite seals are widely used in power plants, especially in high pressure steam boilers, where its high resistance to temperatures and pressures is applied. It is used to seal flange joints, valves and other critical parts of steam and hot water conveying systems.
  • Petrochemical industry In refineries and chemical plants, graphite gaskets are used in environments with aggressive chemicals and high temperatures. Typical applications include sealing of vessels, pipes and valves exposed to acids, alkalis or other corrosive substances.
  • Chemical industry Graphite seals are used in the production of chemicals, where it is necessary to seal systems transporting aggressive media at high temperatures. Here, graphite materials are indispensable due to their resistance to chemical reactions, whether for the production of acids, fertilizers or solvents.
  • Automotive In the automotive industry, graphite gaskets are mainly used in engine systems where they are found in environments with high temperatures and pressures. Typical examples are exhaust system or cylinder head gaskets where there is a need to withstand extreme temperatures, vibrations and pressures.
  • Steel and Metallurgy Industry In the steel and metallurgy industry, graphite seals are used in high temperature applications such as metal melting furnaces or gas and vapour extraction systems. Their resistance to high temperatures and chemical influences make them ideal for environments where conventional sealing materials fail.
  • Pharmaceutical industry Even in the demanding hygienic conditions of pharmaceutical production, graphite seals can be used, especially where high temperatures or aggressive chemicals are used. In pharmaceutical production, not only the sealing ability is important, but also the chemical inertness of the material to avoid product contamination.

Further details of the material can be found at this link.

PRODUCTION OF GRAPHITE GASKETS
Technical properties of the material

In the table you will find detailed properties of expanded graphite used for the production of gaskets. These properties were tested on 1.5 mm thick material.

 

FeatureStandardUnitValue
DensityDIN 28090-2g/cm31,5
Density (pure graphite)DIN 28090-2g/cm31,0
Total sulphur contentASTM D5016ppm/
Chloride contentFSA NMG 202ppm20
Fluoride contentFSA NMG 203ppm20
Ash contentDIN 51903%<1
CompressibilityASTM F36A%35
RecoveryASTM F36A%17
Residual stress (50 MPa, 300°C, 16 h)DIN 52913MPa49
Specific leakage rateDIN 3535-6mg/(s-m)0,05
Compression moduleDIN 28090-2
At room temperature: εKSW%34
At elevated temperature: εKSW/300°C%1,2
Creep relaxationDIN 28090-2
At room temperature: εKSW4,2
At elevated temperature: εKSW/300°C3,3
Operating conditions
Minimum long-term temperature°C/°F-200/-328
Maximum long-term temperature°C/°F550/1022
Maximum operating pressurebar200
ISO 9001
Our quality guarantee

Our company has obtained the EN ISO 9001:2016 certificate . Not only in the production of graphite gaskets and the handling of these materials are we guided by the principles of this certification
and thanks to this we can bring our customers a level of products and services that meets the most stringent quality requirements.

CONTACT

Are you interested in our offer?

If you have any requirement for the production of seals, we will be happy to be contacted.
We will be happy to discuss everything with you and prepare a non-binding quotation based on the documents.

If you are interested, please contact us at one of the contacts listed here or via the contact form.